Over the past few years, the Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment space have been gaining prominence. CI/CD tools have now become an integral part of the DevOps testing activity. However, there are multiple choices when it comes to choosing the best CI/CD tools making it even more challenging to choose one.
The silver lining- a select few providing full Continuous Integration & Continuous Delivery systems, with CircleCI & Travis CI leading the pack. Here, we would be doing a comprehensive CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison to help you select the best CI/CD tools suitable for your project.
CI/CD Yardstick
If you want to pick the right CI/CD tools, you need to find answers to these questions.
Why should you opt for CircleCI or Travis CI, the purpose-driven tools for DevOps testing?
Is it easy to get started with the CI/CD tool?
Is the tool scalable and reliable in terms of deployment and support?
Does the tool support a CI/CD pipeline to expedite the deployment and testing process?
How easy (or difficult) is switching from an existing CI/CD tool (e.g., Jenkins) to a new one?
Does the tool support only have an on-premise solution or a cloud-based SaaS offering or both?
Let’s get started with an in-depth analysis of CircleCI vs Travis CI, and by the end of this comparison, you would be in a much better position to choose the best-suited CI/CD tool for DevOps testing.
Introduction To CircleCI & Travis CI
The first step to start comparing CircleCI vs Travis CI is to understand each of them. Unless stated otherwise, we usually assumed that the best CI/CD tools have standard capabilities like:
Support for a wide range of languages & runtimes.
Support for CI/CD pipelines.
Support for configuration-as-code (as popularly called in Jenkins) for specifying the build & deployment process in the popular YAML format (or code)
Support for Docker to run tests
Our CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison is based on their unique capabilities and how these CI/CD tools look like in terms of usage, scalability, extensibility, and more.
Travis CI and CircleCI are extremely popular CI/CD tools that provide a continuous and automated delivery cycle. These factors are integral as far as DevOps testing is concerned.
A Top-Level View Of CircleCI
CircleCI is a cloud-based tool that is instrumental in automating the integration and deployment process. CircleCI server is the on-premise (or self-hosted) solution, and CircleCI Cloud is the hosted (or SaaS) solution from CircleCI.
CircleCI also supports any language that builds on Linux, Windows, or macOS. It also includes languages such as C++, NET, PHP, Python, JavaScript, and Ruby. CircleCI also supports containers and provides runtimes for Linux, Windows, and macOS.
The self-hosted (CircleCI Server) and cloud (CircleCI Cloud) offerings from CircleCI support Windows, Linux, Android, and Docker builds. Only CircleCI Cloud supports macOS builds.
Using CircleCI does not require any installation; hence, it is a complete solution that requires minimal configurations. It also supports CI/CD pipelines called ‘workflows.’ The workflows in CircleCI make it possible to write and build jobs with excellent visual representation.
CircleCI cloud also supports ‘Orbs,’ which are reusable snippets of code that help in automation of repetitive processes, speed-up the project setup. It makes it easy to integrate with third-party tools. Orbs for standard CircleCI configurations are available on the official website.
Salient Features Of CircleCI
I hope the details provided above have given you better clarification about the CircleCI vs Travis CI analysis. Before jumping off to a top-level view of Travis CI, let us take a look at some of the most pivotal features of CircleCI-
Light-weight YAML file for configuration.
Ease of setup.
Offers CI/CD pipelines called ‘workflows.’
Supports popular programming languages out-of-the-box.
Provides on-premise and cloud-based solutions.
Offers REST APIs.
This CircleCI Tutorial for beginners and professionals will help you learn how to use CircleCI, one of the most popular CI/CD tools used in DevOps.
A Top-Level View Of Travis CI
Travis CI is one of the early players in the CI/CD tools market. Initially created only for the open-source projects, it later migrated to closed source projects as well. Travis CI is written in Ruby and is maintained by the Travis CI community.
Initially available only for the projects hosted on GitHub, Travis CI now also supports projects that are hosted on BitBucket. Along with a hosted tool, Travis CI also offers Travis CI Enterprise – a self-hosted tool that is built for easy integration with GitHub. Travis CI Enterprise lets enterprises run the CI builds seamlessly on the private cloud (or a self-hosted platform).
Travis CI can be used across various programming languages like Java, C#, Python, Julia, PHP, Perl, Objective C, and many more. In all, it supports over 30 different languages.
It also supports container builds and provides runtimes on Linux, macOS, and Windows (early stage). For using Travis CI, no installation is required. You can signup and add a project using credentials of GitHub or BitBucket. The ‘build matrix’ feature in Travis CI lets you run the build parallely on different combinations of environments, languages, package versions, and runtimes. It also supports integration with Email, Slack, HipChat, etc. so that notifications are sent to the team about builds’ status.
Salient Features Of Travis CI
YAML file for configuration.
Easy to set up using GitHub and Bitbucket.
‘Build Matrices’ feature for parallel testing.
Supports 30+ programming languages out-of-the-box.
Flexibility to run tests on Linux and macOS X at the same time.
Support for Docker for running tests.
Travis CI Enterprise lets organizations use Travis CI for DevOps testing on a private cloud.
Offers REST APIs.
CircleCI vs Travis CI – A Detailed Comparison
Now that you have the most useful information to compare CircleCI vs Travis CI, it is time to make an informed decision. Here are some of the features that can help you in picking between CircleCI vs. Travis CI:
Setup & Installation
To get started using CircleCI for your project, you just need to sign up with GitHub or Bitbucket to authorize CircleCI for accessing the code.
If you are using GitHub to use CircleCI, you also have the flexibility to prevent CircleCI access to private repositories. Once authorized, you can use the CircleCI Pipelines Dashboard and start adding the project. The CircleCI config.yml file has to be located in a folder called .circleci at the top of the project.
CircleCI has self-hosted and cloud-based offerings called CircleCI Server and CircleCI Cloud, respectively. There is an option to set up CircleCI on the cloud or on a private server where the onus for setup, security, and maintenance lies with the in-house team.
To get started with Travis CI with GitHub, you need to signup on travis-ci.com. Once signed up, enable the repository for testing from the Travis settings page and add travis.yml to the root folder. The signup on Travis CI can also be done using Bitbucket.
Both CircleCI and Travis CI can integrate with popular version control systems like GitHub, Bitbucket, and others. A number of steps are run whenever there are changes in the source code. Travis CI and CircleCI are good options for using GitHub (or Bitbucket), especially if you are using a cloud-hosted solution.
Integrations
CircleCI can be integrated with several tools (including Cloud service providers) from categories such as code analysis, deployment, reporting, monitoring, testing, and more.
Integrations in CircleCI are available in the form of CircleCI Orbs. Orbs are reusable snippets of code that are instrumental in automating repeated processes and accelerating the project setup. To ease the integration process with third-party tools, you can also use the Orbs (or CircleCI configuration for popular integration options) from the Orbs registry.
Travis CI works by default with GitHub and BitBucket. Additionally, it also comprises a number of tools for websites, mobile applications, desktop and plugins & libraries that can interact with Travis CI. More information about the tools, plugins, and libraries for Travis CI is available in the official plugin’s documentation of Travis CI. Travis CI can also be used with third-party tools like LambdaTest, Coveralls, and more.
Both CI/CD tools score well on the plugins and third-party integrations front.
Pipeline Experience
The pipeline is one of the dominant factors as far as CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison is concerned. CircleCI and Travis CI offer different ways for the creation and maintenance of a CI/CD pipeline. Both the CI/CD tools provide a visual web-based wizard for creating a CI/CD pipeline. The wizard is primarily useful for someone who is just getting started with pipelines.
For developers who are well-versed with YAML files and pipelines, hand-coding would do a much better job creating and maintaining the CI/CD pipeline. When it comes to CircleCI, it provides you with a sample YAML file based on your responses. This means that the newly created YAML file (config.yml) meets the requirements.
On the other hand, you have to manually create a YAML file (.travis.yml) by following their documentation. The open-source generate-travis CLI is an excellent command-line tool which, if installed globally, can be used for overriding built-in templates of travis.yml.
As far as the pipeline setup experience is concerned, CircleCI inches ahead of Travis CI due to the provision of a YAML configuration generator that lets you create CI/CD pipelines with much ease. This especially helps if you are relatively new with the creation of CI/CD pipelines.
Extensibility & Customization
As the complexity of the application being developed increases, it is likely that the complexity of the CI/CD pipeline might also increase. Before the pipeline becomes unmanageable to maintain, it is important to introduce custom steps in the pipeline for increasing the longevity of the pipelines’.
This is where extensibility and customization play a major role in minimizing the e maintenance front’s efforts. They are also important to consider for CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison. Both CircleCI and Travis CI offer RESTful APIs for extensibility. This lets you access the pipeline programmatically. The latest release of Travis CI APIs is API v3 and the API version v2 is not yet deprecated, as many front-end applications of Travis CI are still using the API. The Ruby Library for Travis CI is based on API v2.
Like Travis CI, CircleCI also supports REST APIs that can be used for accessing the pipeline programmatically. The latest release of CircleCI APIs is API v2, and nine new endpoints were introduced. The new endpoints let you retrieve a pipeline’s workflows, the latest pipelines on a particular project, an individual workflow, and more. Unlike the APIs offered by Travis CI that let you read and modify parts of the pipeline, the CircleCI APIs only let you perform Retrieve (or Read/GET) on a project (or pipeline’s workflow).
Command-line interfaces (CLIs) are available for CircleCI while Travis CI lets you interact with the tool remotely. As the complexities of pipelines can grow over a period of time, Travis CI and CircleCI provide options for easing the complexities involved in the management of pipelines. Though complex pipelines can be broken up into smaller (and maintainable) pipelines (or YAML files), both CI/CD tools have different techniques for reducing the complexities involved in pipeline management.
CircleCI lets you create custom Orbs that can contain a certain set of steps or the complete job. These shareable packages of CircleCI configuration can then be used across builds (as they are in a reusable format). On the other hand, Travis CI lets you break down the complex scripts into simpler & easy-to-maintain scripts that can be further stored in the same repository.
Hosting (On-Premise or Cloud)
Travis CI and CircleCI offer on-premise and cloud-based options. CircleCI Server, the on-premise variant of CircleCI, can be deployed through popular cloud platforms like AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, Windows Cloud, and more. Kubernetes deployments can also be automated with CircleCI Server and Kubernetes CircleCI orbs can help to get started with Kubernetes and CircleCI.
There is no process from CircleCI for migrating between CircleCI Cloud and CircleCI Server setup. A fresh install of CircleCI 2.0 has to be performed using AWS and Terraform.
The open-source option of Travis CI is based on the cloud. For enterprises looking to use Travis CI on a private server setup, they can opt for the self-hosted option called ‘Travis CI Enterprise.’ The self-hosted and hosted tools let you build using different languages and runtimes on macOS, Linux, and Windows.
Travis CI for Enterprise (or on-premise environment) supports popular cloud environments such as AWS, Google Compute Engine, VMware, OpenStack, Azure, Heroku, Kubernetes (from version 3.0 onwards), and more.
In the CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison for ‘Enterprise’ options, CircleCI Server is ahead from Travis CI Enterprise by a small margin since CircleCI orbs makes it easy to integrate with popular third-party tools (including cloud platforms).
Parallel Testing
Travis CI and CircleCI both support parallel testing. This also applies to the free version of these CI/CD tools.
Parallelism in CircleCI lets you run tests in parallel by spreading the tests across different executors. The parallelism level has to be specified in config.yml, indicating how many executors are spun out for the test job. Further, CLI for CircleCI or environment variables should be used for splitting the test files or configuring each parallel machine on an individual basis.
CircleCI recommends splitting the tests using timing data to optimize the test suite across a set of parallel executors. Splitting by timing data ensures that the tests are split in the most ideal manner, reducing the overall time involved in test execution. The build time in CircleCI can be reduced by running jobs in parallel with workflows.
The ‘build matrix’ feature in Travis CI lets you split up the unit tests and integration tests into two different build jobs. These tests can then be run in parallel for optimal utilization of available build capacity supported by the account.
Test suites can be executed faster by parallelizing the builds across different VMs (Virtual Machines). Necessary changes have to be done in travis.yml for parallelizing the tests. Integrating with tools like Slack, HipChat, Email, etc. helps in sending out notifications when the build is not successful. Further details about parallel testing and speeding up the builds for Travis CI are available in the Speeding up section on Travis CI website.
Community Support
There is no denying that community plays a key role in shaping up an open-source project (or tool e.g., Jenkins). Though Travis CI and CircleCI have different offerings for open-source projects and enterprises, they do not have a vast stronghold for online communities.
The CircleCI community lets you submit topics for discussion, feature requests, and more. On the other hand, the Travis CI community has a number of sections like enterprise, deployment, languages, discussion & feedback, and more.
If you have migrated from an open-source tool like Jenkins to something like Travis CI or CircleCI, you may miss the vibrancy that is witnessed in open-source forums☺.
Scalability & User Management
Both Travis CI and CircleCI are good options for DevOps testing if your organization is using GitHub Enterprise for software development and version control. CircleCI Cloud, CircleCI Server, and Travis CI Enterprise offer integration with GitHub Enterprise and there is no necessity for creating new accounts if the users are already using GitHub (i.e., the repositories are on GitHub).
CircleCI when used with GitHub enterprise provides options for preventing access to private repositories. Travis CI Enterprise can also sync permission settings from the GitHub Enterprise.
Travis CI and CircleCI use a per-user pricing model. In terms of pricing, CircleCI has three plans – Free, Performance, and Custom (or Custom Pricing) for the CircleCI Cloud and the CircleCI Server plan is at $35 per user with an annual plan.
Travis CI has four plans – Bootstrap, Startup ($118/per month billed annually), Small Business ($228/month billed annually), and Premium. If you plan to use Travis CI for open-source projects, there is a free plan where you receive unlimited builds and five concurrent jobs for free.
For leveraging the advantages offered by the respective CI/CD tools, a scalable infrastructure is necessary so that builds as well as tests can be run in parallel. This is especially relevant when self-hosted variants of CircleCI and Travis CI (i.e. CircleCI Server and Travis CI Enterprise) are in use.
As per the official documentation of CircleCI, if you are on a container-based plan, there is a high probability that the jobs may get queued-up if enough containers are not there for accommodating the workload. On the other hand, the Performance Plan in CircleCI is usage-based and not container-based. In the CircleCI vs Travis CI battle, Travis CI has a slight upper edge over CircleCI as far as availability and load balancing is concerned.
Migration & Vendor Lock-in
Travis CI and CircleCI are free for use with open-source projects. However, organizations (especially growth-stage startups and large organizations) would prefer their enterprise variants (i.e. Travis CI Enterprise and CircleCI Server) as the CI/CD tools can be deployed on a self-hosted platform. This means better control over the hardware, improved security, and better control over the pipelines than the cloud-based counterparts.
CircleCI and Travis CI follow a proprietary syntax for the respective YAML files (i.e., config.yml and travis.yml). Still, the advantages offered by the tools can be leveraged by opting for the self-hosted (or Enterprise) variant.
Travis CI and CircleCI have detailed sections on migrating from open-source CI/CD options like Jenkins to their platform. CircleCI has also built a tool called Jenkinsfile Converter to enable Jenkins users to start building on CircleCI by converting a Jenkinsfile to CircleCI config.yml
CircleCI vs Travis CI Comparison Snapshot
In the above sections, we have observed all the pivotal factors that would help us choose the best CI/CD tools when it comes to CircleCI vs Travis CI. In the below section, we present a table view of the entire comparison for your clarity. Here is the snapshot of CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison:
FEATURE | TRAVIS CI | CIRCLE CI |
Supported Platforms | Linux macOS Windows | Linux macOS |
Source Control Repositories | Github, Bitbucket | Github, Bitbucket |
Configuration | YAML format (travis.yml) | YAML format (config.yml) |
Unique feature | Build Matrices Ease of use | Premium Support |
Free plans | Yes (Free for open-source projects) | Yes (Free for open-source projects and Free plan for CircleCI Cloud – upto 1000 build minutes/month, 1 container, and 1 concurrent job) |
Cloud Offering | Yes (Travis CI Enterprise) | Yes (CircleCI Server) |
Build Environments (Container Support) | Yes, CleanVMs for every build | Yes, Builds are run in a clean container (or VM) and the build environment is reset with every build. |
Parallelism | Yes (using the build matrix feature) | Yes (runs builds in parallel and every build is performed in an isolated environment through the usage of containers.) |
Analytics | Yes (it is a part of the Web-based platform) | Yes (Available by default in CircleCI) |
Integrations | Yes, Travis CI works by default with GitHub. However, it can also be used with Bitbucket and supports integration with third-party tools like LambdaTest, Coveralls, more. | Yes, Available as CircleCI Orbs that are reusable snippets of code help accelerate setup, automation, and integration with third-party tools. |
Cloud Integrations | AWS, Azure, Heroku, Google Cloud, Kubernetes, and more. | AWS, Azure, Heroku, Google Cloud, Kubernetes, and more. |
REST APIs | Yes, Current version is API v3 | Yes, Current version is API v2 |
CircleCI vs Travis CI: Which CI/CD Tool Should You Choose
As seen from the CircleCI vs Travis CI comparison above, the choice depends on your project needs and how you are planning to leverage the capabilities of the tool. The enterprise (or self-hosted) versions of both the CI/CD tools can be used with popular cloud-platforms such as AWS, Azure, Google Cloud, and more. CircleCI Orbs makes it easy to configure CI/CD pipelines at an accelerated pace and integrate with third-party tools with just a few lines of code, especially when it comes to browser compatibility testing.
And now, we would like to hear from you: which CI/CD tool would you prefer for DevOps testing? Or maybe you have a question. Either way, go ahead and leave a comment below.
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